Influence of Fuel Characteristics on Fluidized Bed Combustion of Woody Biomass
Özet
This research evaluates the combustion performance, stack gas emissions, and ash deposition behavior of bamboo wood waste as a sustainable biomass fuel in a 1 MWth bubbling fluidized bed combustor (BFBC) operating at 800 °C. A mathematical modeling approach assuming chemical equilibrium and isothermal operation was employed to calculate flue gas species, including O2, N2, CO2, H2O, SO2, and NOx. The model predictions reveal that NOx and dust emissions stay safely below the statutory limits set by the European Union Medium Combustion Plant Directive (MCPD), whereas SO2 emissions surpass the regulatory threshold, demonstrating that sulfur-binding additives like limestone are required during operation. In addition, the ash properties were systematically analyzed using key empirical indicators: the Alkali Index, Bed Agglomeration Index, Base to Acid Ratio, and Corrosion Index. Due to high potassium and alkali content in the fuel ash, bamboo wood exhibits a severe tendency toward slagging, fouling, and bed agglomeration, as indicated by an Alkali Index over 0.34 kg/GJ, an Agglomeration Index below 0.15, and a Base to Acid Ratio of 0.55. Furthermore, the calculated Corrosion Index of 3.09 highlights potential high-temperature corrosion hazards. To mitigate these operational challenges, feedstock leaching, co-firing with traditional fossil fuels, or adding specific chemical additives should be implemented.
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