Penisilinlere Direnç Mekanizmaları
Özet
Antibiyotik direnci tüm dünyayı ve ülkemizi ilgilendiren, çok önemli bir sağlık sorunlarından biridir. Bakterilerde antibiyotiklere karşı direnç yapısal olabilir veya direnç genlerinin başka bakterilerden transfer edilmesiyle kazanılmaktadır. Penisilinler etki spektrumuna göre sınıflandırıldığında ‘’Beta Laktam Antibiyotikler’’ grubunda yer alırlar . Penisilinler bakterilerin hücre duvarındaki peptidoglikan yapının sentezinde transpeptidasyon basamağını engelleyerek hücre duvar sentezini inhibe ederler. Bakterinin lizisine neden olurlar. Penisilinlere 3 farklı mekanizma ile direnç oluşabilmektedir.1) İlaçların bağlandığı hedef bölgede değişiklik ’2) Dış membran proteinlerindeki mutasyonlar sonucu ilaç girişinin azalması 3) Enzimatik inaktivasyon. Bu bölümde bu direnç mekanizmaları ayrıntılı olarak anlatılacaktır.
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